Video Class - Speech

http://www.teachertube.com/video/introduction-to-parts-of-speech-327585

Practice the Exercise

http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/word_formation/parts_of_speech.htm

http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0073123587/student_view0/chapter6/parts_of_speech_exercise.html

Speech

INDIRECT SPEECH / REPORTED SPEECH

Indirect speech (sometimes called reported speech), doesn't use quotation marks to enclose what the person said and it doesn't have to be word for word.

When reporting speech the tense usually changes. This is because when we use reported speech, we are usually talking about a time in the past. The verbs therefore usually have to be in the past too.

DIRECT SPEECH / QUOTED SPEECH

Saying exactly what someone has said is called direct speech (sometimes called quoted speech)

Here what a person says appears within quotation marks ("...") and should be word for word.

Parts of speech

NOUN

Refers to words that are used to name persons, things, animals, places, ideas, or events. Nouns are the simplest among the 8 parts of speech.

There are different types of nouns namely:

• Proper: Proper nouns always start with a capital letter and refers to specific names of persons, places, or things.

• Common: Common nouns are the opposite of proper nouns. These are just generic names of persons, things, or places.

• Concrete: This kind refers to nouns which you can perceive through your five senses.
• Abstract: Unlike concrete nouns, abstract nouns are those which you can’t perceive through your five senses.

• Count: It refers to anything that is countable, and has a singular and plural form.

• Mass: This is the opposite of count nouns. Mass nouns are also called non-countable nouns, and they need to have “counters” to quantify them.

• Collective: Refers to a group of persons, animals, or things.

PRONOUN

 Is a part of a speech which functions as a replacement for a noun. Some examples of pronouns are: I, it, he, she, mine, his, hers, we, they, theirs, and ours.

ADJETIVE

This part of  a speech is used to describe a noun or a pronoun. Adjectives can specify the quality, the size, and the number of nouns or pronouns.

·         The carvings are intricate.

·         The italicized word describes the appearance of the noun “carvings.”

VERB

This is the most important part of a speech, for without a verb, a sentence would not exist. Simply put, this is a word that shows an action (physical or mental) or state of being of the subject in a sentence.

Examples of “State of Being Verbs” : am, is, was, are, and were

ADVERB

Just like adjectives, adverbs are also used to describe words, but the difference is that adverbs describe adjectives, verbs, or another adverb.

The different types of adverbs are:

• Adverb of Manner: this refers to how something happens or how an action is done.

·         Example: Annie danced gracefully.. The word “gracefully” tells how Annie danced.

• Adverb of Time: this states “when” something happens or “when” it is done.

·         Example: She came yesterday. The italicized word tells when she “came.”

• Adverb of Place: this tells something about “where” something happens or ”where” something is done.

·         Example:  Of course, I looked everywhere!. The adverb “everywhere” tells where I “looked.”

• Adverb of Degree: this states the intensity or the degree to which a specific thing happens or is done.

·         Example: The child is very talented. The italicized adverb answers the question, “To what degree is the child talented?”

PREPOSITION

This part of a speech basically refers to words that specify location or a location in time.

Examples of Prepositions: above, below, throughout, outside, before, near, and since

CONJUNCTION

The conjunction is a part of a speech which joins words, phrases, or clauses together.

Examples of Conjunctions:  and, yet, but, for, nor, or, and so

INTERJECTION

This part of a speech refers to words which express emotions. Since interjections are commonly used to convey strong emotions, they are usually followed by an exclamation point.

• Ouch! That must have hurt.
• Hurray, we won!
• Hey! I said enough!